Psychological Imagery in Sport and Performance (2024)

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Anuar, N., Cumming, J., & Williams, S. (2016). Emotion regulation predicts imagery ability. Imagination, Cognition and Personality: Consciousness in Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice. Advance online publication.

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Brewin, C. R., Gregory, J. D., Lipton, M., & Burgess, N. (2010). Intrusive images in psychological disorders: Characteristics, neural mechanisms, and treatment implication. Psychological Review, 117, 210–232.

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Callow, N., Hardy, L., & Hall, C. R. (2001). Types of imagery associated with sport confidence in netball players of varying skill levels. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13, 1–17.

Catenacci, K. L., Harris, B. S., Langdon, J., Scott, M. K., & Czech, D. R. (2016). Using a MG-M imagery intervention to enhance the sport competence of young Special Olympics athletes. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 11(1), 1–12.

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Cooke, L. M., Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Hall, C. R., Tobin, D., & Guerrero, M. D. (2014). Development of the Children’s Active Play Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport Sciences, 32, 860–869.

Cooley, S. J., Williams, S. E., Burns, V. E., & Cumming, J. (2013). Methodological variations in guided imagery interventions using movement imagery scripts in sport: A systematic review. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 8, 1–22.

Cumming, J., Cooley, S. J., Anuar, N., Kosteli, M., Quinton, M. L., Weibull, F., & Williams, S. E. (2016). Developing imagery ability effectively: A guide to layered stimulus response training. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action. Advance online publication.

Cumming, J., & Hall, C. (2002a). Athletes’ use of imagery in the off-season. Sport Psychologist, 16, 160–172.

Cumming, J., Olphin, T., & Law, M. (2007). Self-reported psychological states and physiological responses to different types of motivational general imagery. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 29, 629–644.

Cumming, J., & Ramsey, R. (2009). Imagery interventions in sport. In S. D. Mellalieu & S. Hanton (Eds.), Advances in Applied Sport Psychology: A review (pp. 5–36). New York: Routledge.

Cumming, J., & Williams, S. E. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences, 82(4), 69–81.

Davies, J., Boxall, S., Szekeres, Z., & Greenlees, I. (2014). Developing equestrian training quality and self-efficacy using cognitive-specific imagery. Sport & Exercise Psychology Review, 10, 25–40.

Duncan, L. R., Hall, C. R., Wilson, P. M., & Rodgers, W. M. (2012). The use of a mental imagery intervention to enhance integrated regulation for exercise among women commencing an exercise program. Motivation and Emotion, 36, 452–464.

Duncan, L. R., Rodgers, W. M., Hall, C. R., & Wilson, P. M. (2011). Using imagery to enhance three types of exercise self-efficacy among sedentary women. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 3, 107–126.

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Gammage, K. L., Hall, C. R., & Rodgers, W. M. (2000). More about exercise imagery. Sport Psychologist, 14, 348–359.

Giacobbi, P. R., Jr., Dreisbach, K. A., Thurlow, N. M., Anand, P., & Garcia, F. (2014). Mental imagery increases self-determined motivation to exercise with university enrolled women: A randomized controlled trial using a peer-based intervention. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15, 374–381.

Giacobbi, P. R., Jr., Hausenblas, H. A., & Penfield, R. D. (2005). Further refinements in the measurement of exercise imagery: The exercise imagery inventory. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 9, 251–266.

Giacobbi, P. R., Jr., Tuccitto, D., Buman, M., & Munroe-Chandler, K. M. (2010). A measurement and conceptual investigation of exercise imagery establishing construct validity. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 18, 485–493.

Graham, J. D., Sonne, M. W. L., & Bray, S. R. (2014). It wears me out just imagining it! Mental imagery leads to muscle fatigue and diminished performance of isometric exercise. Biology Psychology, 103, 1–6.

Gregg, M. & Hall, C. R. (2006). Measurement of motivational imagery abilities in sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 961–971.

Gregg, M., Hall, C., McGowan, E., & Hall, N. (2011). The relationship between imagery ability and imagery use among athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 23, 129–141.

Guerrero, M. D., Tobin, D., Munroe-Chandler, K. J., & Hall, C. R. (2015). Tigers and lions, oh my! Effect of a guided imagery intervention on children’s active play. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 27, 412–429.

Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2005). Duration of mentally simulated movement: A review. Journal of Motor Behavior, 37, 10–20.

Guillot, A., Nadrowska, E., & Collet, C. (2009). Using motor imagery to learn tactical movements in basketball. Journal of Sport Behavior, 32, 189–206.

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Hall, C. R., Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Fishburne, G. O. J., & Hall, N. D. (2009). The Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 13, 93–107.

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Hall, C. R., Stevens, D., & Paivio, A. (2005). The sport imagery questionnaire: Test manual. Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology.

Hausenblas, H. A., Hall, C. R., Rodgers, W. M., & Munroe, K. J. (1999). Exercise imagery: Its nature and measurement. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 11, 171–180.

Highben, Z., & Palmer, C. (2004). Effects of auditory and motor mental practice in memorized piano performance. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 159, 58–65.

Holmes, P. S., & Collins, D. J. (2001). The PETTLEP approach to motor imagery: A functional equivalence model for sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13, 60–83.

Ignacio, J., Dolmans, D., Scherpbier, A., Rethans, J., Lopez, V., & Ying Liaw, S. (2016). Development, implementation, and evaluation of a mental rehearsal strategy to improve clinical performance and reduce stress: A mixed methods study. Nurse Education Today, 37, 27–32.

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Kim, B. H., Newton, R. A., Sachs, M. L., Giacobbi, P. R., Jr., & Glutting, J. J. (2011). The effect of guided relaxation and exercise imagery on self-reported leisure-time exercise behaviors in older adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 19, 137–146.

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Levy, A. R., Perry, J., Nicholls, A. R., Larkin, D., & Davies, J. (2014). Sources of sport confidence, imagery type and performance among competitive athletes: the mediating role of sports confidence. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 55, 835–844.

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MacIntyre, T. E., Moran, A. P., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2013). An emerging paradigm: A strength-based approach to exploring mental imagery. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 104.

Malouin, F., Richards, C., Durand, A., & Doyon, J. (2008). Reliability of mental chronometry for assessing motor imagery ability after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89, 311–319.

Markland, D., Hall, C. R., Duncan, L. R., & Simatovic, J. (2015). The effects of an imagery intervention on implicit and explicit exercise attitudes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 17, 24–31.

Martin, K. A., & Hall, C. R. (1995). Using mental imagery to enhance intrinsic motivation. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17, 54–69.

Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. R. (1999). Imagery use in sport: A literature review and applied model. Sport Psychologist, 13, 245–268.

Mattie, P., & Munroe-Chandler, K. J. (2012). Examining the relationship between mental toughness and imagery use. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 24, 144–156.

Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Thomas, O. (2009). The effects of a motivational general-arousal imagery intervention upon preperformance symptoms in male rugby union players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10, 175–185.

Milne, M. I., Burke, S. M., Hall, C. R., Nederhof, E., & Gammage, K. L. (2006). Comparing the imagery use of younger and older adult exercisers. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 25, 59–67.

Monsma, E. V., & Overby, L. Y. (2004). The relationship between imagery and competitive anxiety in ballet auditions. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 8, 11–18.

Morris, T., & Spittle, M. (2012). A default hypothesis of the development of internal and external imagery perspectives. Journal of Mental Imagery, 3, 1.

Morris, T., Spittle, M., & Watt, A. P. (2005). Imagery in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Munroe, K. J., Giacobbi, P. R., Hall, C. R., & Weinberg, R. (2000). The four Ws of imagery use: Where, when, why, and what. Sport Psychologist, 14, 119–137.

Munroe-Chandler, K. J., & Gammage, K. L. (2005). Now see this: A new vision of exercise imagery. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 33, 201–205.

Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Hall, C. R., Fishburne, G. J., Murphy, L., & Hall, N. D. (2012). Effects of a cognitive specific imagery intervention on the soccer skill performance of young athletes: Age group comparisons. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13, 324–331.

Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Hall, C. R., Fishburne, G. J., & Shannon, V. (2005). Using cognitive general imagery to improve soccer strategies. European Journal of Sport Science, 5, 41–49.

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Nicholls, A. R., Polman, R. C., & Holt, N. L. (2005). The effects of individualized imagery interventions on golf performance and flow states. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sport Psychology, 7, 43–66.

Nordin, S. M., & Cumming, J. (2005). Professional dancers describe their imagery: Where, when, what, why, and how. Sport Psychologist, 19, 395–416.

Nordin, S. M., & Cumming, J. (2008). Comparison of dancers and aesthetic sport athletes’ imagery use. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 20, 1–17.

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O, J., & Hall, C. R. (2013). A qualitative analysis of athletes’ voluntary image speed use. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 8, 1–12.

O, J., & Munroe-Chandler, K. J. (2008). The effects of image speed on the performance of a soccer task. Sport Psychologist, 22, 1–17.

O, J., Munroe-Chandler, K. J., Hall, C. R., & Hall, N. D. (2014). Using motivational general-mastery imagery to improve the self-efficacy of youth squash players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 26, 66–81.

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Simonsmeier, B. A., & Buecker, S. (2017). Interrelations of imagery use, imagery ability, and performance in young athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 29(1), 32–43.

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Williams, S. E., Cooley, S. J., & Cumming, J. (2013). Layered stimulus response training improves motor imagery ability and movement execution. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 35, 60–71.

Williams, S. E., Cumming, J., Ntoumanis, N., Nordin-Bates, S. M., Ramsey, R. & Hall, C. (2012). Further validation and development of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 34, 621–646.

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